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1. Already in the Contract with Abraham, God has promised "and I will in turn judge the nation that they serve, and after that they will leave with great wealth" (Genesis 15:14).
2. After a hundred and sixteen years of slavery: GOD brought the children of Israel out of Egypt (Exodus 12:51).
3. Before the Israelites left, God struck ten blows (the 'Ten Plagues') against Egypt. After the tenth, the striking dead of the firstborn, Pharaoh called Moses and Aaron and commanded them: Get up and out from among my people (Exodus 12:31).
4. Before leaving Egypt, the Israelites performed two mitsvot: circumcision, and the Pesach sacrifice.
Sequence of events during the Exodus
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5th of Nisan
(Thursday)
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In the morning they left Egypt, traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about 120 miles. There were about six hundred thousand men, apart from women and children. There God surrounded them with a protective cloud |
1 6th of Nisan
(Friday)
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They traveled from Succot, and encamped at Etham at the edge of the desert. |
17th of Nisan (Saturday)
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Sabbath, they did not travel. |
18th of Nisan (Sunday)
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The Israelites began to prepare for a long journey. Some of Pharaoh's officers, who had accompanied them, told them 'Your holiday is over, it is now time for you to go back to Egypt, as you asked only for three days.' The Israelites replied 'Did we go out with Pharaoh's permission ? We left with our heads high !' The officers said 'Whether you want to or not, it is up to you to obey the king !' The Israelites rose up against them, struck and injured them and killed some. The rest escaped and told Pharaoh. Then the ? Israelites turned back towards Egypt and encamped by the Sea, so as to confuse Pharaoh, who would say: they are lost in the country, the desert has closed on them (Exodus 14:3). |
19th of Nisan (Monday)
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.The officers reached Egypt. And the King of Egypt was told that the people had run away (Exodus 14:5). |
20th of Nisan (Tuesday)
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Then [pharaoh] hitched his chariot and took his people with him ... and the Egyptians chased after the children of Israel and reached them camping by the Sea ... When Pharaoh had approached, the Israelites raised their their eyes and there were the Egyptians moving up behind them, and they were terrified, and the children of Israel cried out to God (Exodus 14:6-10). |
21st of Nisan (Wednesday) 7th of Pesach
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At night - Moses stretched out his arm over the sea, and GOD sent a strong east wind all night which dried up the sea, so that the water was split, and the children of Israel went in the middle of the sea on dry land ... and the Egyptians pursued and followed them ... then in the morning watch ... Moses stretched out his arm over the sea ... and it returned to its usual way ... and GOD overthrew the Egyptians in the middle of the sea, and the water returned and covered all of Pharaoh's army ... not one was left ! Meanwhile the children of Israel had walked on dry land in the middle of the sea, and the water was a wall for them on their right and on their left. On that day God saved Israel ... and Israel saw the great arm that GOD had used against the Egyptians, and the people feared (respected) GOD, and had faith in GOD and in Moses his servant. Then Moses and the children of Israel sang ……. (Exodus 14:21-15:1). |
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